1. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa wai ʻino i ka ʻoihana kila
Nā hiʻohiʻona:Loaʻa i nā ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe o nā mea paʻa i hoʻopaneʻe ʻia (nā ʻōpala hao, ka pauka oka), nā ion metala kaumaha (zinc, lead, etc.), a me nā mea colloidal.
Kaʻina Hana:PAC hoʻohui ʻia (dosage: 0.5-1.5‰) e hana wikiwiki i nā flocs ma o ka adsorption a me nā hopena bridging, i hui pū ʻia me nā pahu sedimentation no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka wai paʻa, e hōʻemi ana i ka turbidity effluent ma o 85%.
Pono:ʻOi aku ka 70% o ka wehe ʻana i ka ion metala kaumaha, me nā kūlana hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka wai ʻino i mālama ʻia.
2. Decolorization o ka wai ʻino
Nā hiʻohiʻona:ʻO ka chromaticity kiʻekiʻe (ke koena dye), ka COD kiʻekiʻe (ke koi oxygen kemika), a me nā loli pH nui.
Kaʻina Hana:PAChoʻohana pū ʻia me nā mea hoʻoponopono pH (dosage: 0.8-1.2‰), e hana ana i nā colloids Al(OH)₃ e adsorb i nā molekala kala. Hoʻohui ʻia me ka lele ʻana o ka ea, loaʻa ke kaʻina hana i ka 90% kala kala.
3. Ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua ʻana i ka wai ʻōpala poliester
Nā hiʻohiʻona:COD kiʻekiʻe loa (a hiki i 30,000 mg/L, loaʻa nā macromolecular organics e like me terephthalic acid a me ethylene glycol esters).
Kaʻina Hana:I ka wā o ka coagulation,PAC(dosage: 0.3-0.5‰) hoʻokaʻawale i nā hoʻopiʻi colloidal, ʻoiai ka polyacrylamide (PAM) e hoʻonui i ka flocculation, e loaʻa ana i kahi hōʻemi COD mua o 40%.
Pono:Hoʻokumu i nā kūlana maikaʻi no ka hao-carbon micro-electrolysis a me UASB anaerobic lapaʻau.
4. Lapaʻau ʻana i ka wai ʻino kemika o kēlā me kēia lā
Nā hiʻohiʻona:Loaʻa i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o nā surfactants, nā aila, a me nā loli maikaʻi ʻole o ka wai.
Kaʻina Hana:PAC(dosage: 0.2-0.4‰) ua hui pū ʻia me ka coagulation-sedimentation e wehe i nā mea paʻa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, e hōʻemi ana i ka ukana ma ka mālama olaola a hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka COD mai 11,000 mg/L a i 2,500 mg/L.
5. Ka Hoomaemae ana i ka wai hoohehee ananiani
Nā hiʻohiʻona:ʻAleke kiʻekiʻe (pH > 10), loaʻa nā ʻāpana wili aniani a me nā mea haumia biodegradable maikaʻi ʻole.
Kaʻina Hana:Hoʻohui ʻia ka polymeric alumini ferric chloride (PAFC) e hoʻokaʻawale i ka alkalinity, e loaʻa ana ma luna o 90% ka wehe ʻana i nā mea paʻa. ʻO ka turbidity effluent ʻo ≤5 NTU, e hōʻoia ana i ka hana paʻa o nā kaʻina ultrafiltration ma hope.
6. Lapaʻau ʻana i ka wai ʻōpala ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe-Fluoride
Nā hiʻohiʻona:Semiconductor/ʻoihana etching wai ʻōpala i loaʻa nā fluoride (concentrate >10 mg/L).
Kaʻina Hana:PAChana me F⁻ ma o Al³⁺ e hana i ka AlF₃ precipitate, e hoemi ana i ka fluoride mai ka 14.6 mg/L a i ka 0.4-1.0 mg/L (e hui ana i na wai inu wai).
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mei-15-2025